Acheulian 1.4 million to 125,000 (Ipswichian interglacial) years ago Core tool industry, tools were made by removing flakes from cores Characteristic stone tools: Hand axes (bifaces ) Cleavers Choppers Flake tools Compare to Clactonian stone-tool assemblages.
Aurignacian 34,000 to 27,000 years ago contemporaneous with Châtelperronian Characteristic stone tools: dominated by blade tools carinate scrapers on blocks scaled marginal retouch dihedral burins distinctive bone points few or no typical Mousterian forms
Chatelperronian 35,000 to 30,000 years ago direct typological descendent of Mousterian of Acheulian Tradition (MTA) Characteristic stone tools: backed stone knives (Mousterian) Châtelperron point bone points Art
Clactonian 500,000 to 125,000 years ago Name given to the stone tools of the Lower Paleolithic period in Europe, made by Homo erectus. Characteristic stone tools: Scrapers and knives are made from flakes chipped off of cores from alternating directions; the cores themselves were often used as choppers. Compare to Acheulian stone-tool assemblages.
Gravettian 27,000 to 22,000 years ago material culture Characteristic stone tools: bone points notched, sharpened blades Gravette point Art: "Venus" figurines
Magdalenian 19,000 to 9,000 years ago very cold (20,000) to warming (after 14,000) to temperate (8,000) Characteristic stone tools: Early Magdalenian pressure-flaked bone-heads bas-relief sculpture (France and Spain) Late Magdalenian apogee of cave and antler art skillful bone and antler work most elaborate development in France and Spain
Mesolithic Period 10,000 to 6,000 years ago
Micoquian 115,000 years ago (Wurm I) Looks like Mousterian assemblage with Acheulean handaxes Characteristic stone tools: Lanceolate handaxe with globular butt and concave edges otherwise assemblage resembles that of Mousterian of Acheulian Tradition (MTA) Occurs at the end of the European Middle Paleolithic.
Mousterian 125,000 - 35,000 yeas ago Associated with the Neandertals Characteristic stone tools: Mousterian Industry is a prepared-core flake-tool industry, tools were made from flakes removed from a core that had been prepared (shaped) so that the flake removed formed a particular shape. (i.e Levallois core preparation flakes) Side, Transversal, Convergent, Double Scrapers Levallois and Mousterian points Points and Blades (Knifes) Mousterian Industries (assemblages) defined in France: Micoquian industry Charentian Mousterian further divided into Quina and Ferrassie based on types of scrapers. Denticulate Mousterian Mousterian of Acheulian Tradition (MTA)
Neolithic Period 6,000 to 3,500 years ago
Perigordian 26,000 to 20,000 years ago French counterpart to the Gravettian Characteristic stone tools: Gravette points, truncated blades, noailles burins, truncated elements and Font Robert points with truncation and dihedral burin
Solutrean 25,000 to 16,000 years ago material culture Characteristic stone tools: Well made bifacial tools (Solutrean points) backed points and blades Cave art
Denmark: Cultures
Hamburg Culture: approximately 13,000 to 12,000 BC Federmesser Culture: 12,000 to 11,400 BC Bromme Culture: 11,400 to 10,200 BC Ahrensburg Culture: 10,200 to 8,900 BC Maglemose Culture: 8,900 to 6,400 BC Kongemose Culture: 6,400 to 5,400 BC Ertebölle Culture: 5,400 to 3,900 BC Dolmen Period: 3,900 to 3,400 BC (Funnel beaker culture I) Passage Grave Culture: 3,400 to 2,800 BC (Funnel beaker culture II) Single Grave Culture: 2,800 to 2,400 BC Pitware Culture: 2,800 to 2,600 BC Bell-beaker Culture: 2,400 to 2,000 BC Dagger Period: 2,400 to 1,800 BC |